O - o

-ó₁   voice. direct voice suffix indicating action by a first or second person upon a third person, or by a third person upon another third person. Antonym -ae. Návóóm-o /ná-vóom-ó/ I saw him. Évóom-óho. He saw him. Category: grammar.

-ó₂   pro. obviative suffix on AI verbs. Hee'haho émésėh-óho. His son ate. See: -o ‘OBV’; -hó; -ae. Category: grammar.

-o₃   pro. obviative suffix, plural suffix in reportative mode. Except for recent regularization among some speakers, this allomorph is used when the preceding stem vowel is phonemically high-pitched. še'x-o duck(s). Éméot-o He fought him/them. Éhvóomósest-o. He is said to have seen him/them (obv; reportative). Éhméotȯhoon-o. He fought him/them (pret). Énen-o. He (obv) nursed. Émev-o. He ate him. ka'ėškóneh-o child(ren). See: -o ‘plural suffix’; -ó₁ ‘OBV’; -o₄ ‘absentative’; -hó; -ae. Category: grammar.

-ó₃   theme. inanimate object suffix. This is an allomorph of -á. Ques: same as -ó IOAM? Hestān-ȯhtse! Take it! (cf. éhestāna 'he took it'). Hestan-omeo'o! Take it (then)! Nóo-ohtse! Ladle it out! Násáavóóhtóhe. I did not see it. Móhvóoht-ȯhéhe. He must have seen it (inf.). Ésáahéne'en-óhénóvo. They do not know it. tsévóóht-o what he saw. tséxhestanōm-o when I took it. var: -ȯhtsé. Ques: Is this the same as the TI conjunct suffix?? Category: grammar.

-o₄   pro. absentative suffix. This refers to a person who is absent from the scene, including absent by death. tséheškévoo'o my mother (obv, absentative). perhaps this could be considered a double obviative suffix since it follows the -o obviative suffix?? See: -o₃ ‘obviative suffix’; -o ‘plural suffix’; -ó₁ ‘OBV’. Category: grammar.

-ó   sfx. LOC. vééno in the tepee.

-o   pro. conjunct suffix for TI verbs with 1st person subject. mȧxhestanōm-o if you take it. See: -o ‘2:I’. Category: grammar.

-o   voice. suffix for direct voice; This is a suffix for 1st or 2nd person subject acting on 3rd person object in the conjunct order, and for independent order verbs taking the -no(t) TA final, and 3rd person subject acting on an obviative object when the stem-final vowel is high-pitched. Phon: Note that the corresponding independent order suffix is high-pitched -ó. tsévéstoem-o my spouse (lit. the one who I sit with; i.e. am married to). tséméhot-o the one I love. tséhvóom-o when I saw him. tséhvóom-ȯse when you saw him. tséhvóom-ōtse when we saw him. Náméanot-o. I gave them away. See: -ōno. Etym: *-ak. Category: grammar.

-o   pro. conjunct suffix for TI verbs with 2nd person subject. mȧxhestanom-o if you take it. See: -ó ‘1:I’. Category: grammar.

-o   pro. plural suffix in reportative mode. ka'ėškóneh-o child(ren). See: -o ‘plural suffix’; -hó; -ae. Category: grammar.

óatoo'ėse   p. of course; indeed. Ques: (related to oha?) ??

-oávenomoo'e   vai. sit asleep. É-oávenomoo'e. He is sitting asleep. Phon: vs See: -nomonoo'e. Category: sit, sleep.

-óé₁   m. liquid; water. éam-óehēstse He rowed it. éam-óéhá'éne He canoed/went by boat. émóht-óéha He stirred it. nėhp-óenēō'o dam (lit. obstruct-water(.thing)). épón-óéna He sopped it up. See: -óe'ó; -óová; -óome; -'sevó. Category: liquid.

-óé₂   fai. stand. Émésėhé-óó'e. He's eating while standing. Ékoome-óó'e. He is standing still. Énéveóhtá-óó'e. He is standing on four legs. Néhove-óó'ėstse! Stand up! Énéhove-óeo'o. They stood up. var: -óó'e₂. See: -néé'e ‘stand’; -oo'e ‘sit’. Etym: *ka:pa:(w).

fii. stand, stick out. Éése-óó'e. It is stuck in. Éhóe-óó'e. It is sticking out. Category: stand.

-óe   voice. inverse voice. Phon: form which results from contraction of TA finals -ov or -ev with inverse morphology, i.e. -ov + -ae, or -ev+ -ae, respectively Éhnȯhtsėst-óesesto néhe tsévéstoemose. She asked her husband (1987:264). Éhéne'en-óevóho. They are known by him (obv). tsévovéstom-óó'ėstse the one who teaches me. See: -ov; -ev; -ae. Category: grammar.

-óeh   fta. land s.o. Ná-ma'ėseóého. I landed him on his stomach. vta: -óešé'tov; vai: -óeše. Category: motion.

-oehá   fii. be in water, water - be in. É-oēha. It is in water. vai: -oeše. See: -amoehá. Category: liquid.

-óehá   vii. land; fall; alight. Hénėhéóhe e-óéha. It landed there. Hestáhamenȯtse é-óéhánėstse. Seeds fell. Ho'eta é-óéha. Lightning fell. Maahe é-óéha. The arrow fell. fta: -óeh; vai: -óeše. See: -ava'ó. Category: fall.

-óehahtsé   fti. throw. See: -hahtsé; -óešem. Névááhe tsétaéseta'hahtsėstse he'ko véenōva tsétaévase-óehahtse? Who threw the bone back into the tepee (after it had been thrown out)? éame-óehahtsenȯtse hestáhamenȯtse He is throwing seeds (for example, for planting).

-óéha'ené   fai. boat. Éam-óéhá'éne. He's rowing along. Één-óéhá'éne. He stopped boating. Category: transportation.

-óehné   fai. bear child; birth. esp. of the mother but can be of either or both parents. Énés-óéhne. She has borne two children. Éno'k-óehneo'o. They have borne one child. Éháestȯhn-óéhne. She has borne many children. Námon-óehnenȯtse. I adopted him (lit., I-choose-birth-him). Category: family, babies.

-óehnevo'eéh   vta. treating s.o. who patiently endures that treatment. É-óehnevo'eeho. He treats him who patiently endures the treatment. Category: interpersonal.

-óehnevo'eétahe   vai. do something on purpose ?? É-óehnevo'eétahe. He did it on purpose. Category: do.

oéhnov-   i. patient; faithful.

-óehnovahe   vai. patient, humble, bothered by nothing. É-óehnovahe He is patient. See: ó'tȯsé-; -héhnovahe. Antonym -vésetanó. Category: personality.

oéhnove-   pv. patiently.

-oéhnovėstáhá   vai. patient. Lit: patient-hearted É-oéhnovėstáha. He is patient-hearted. Category: personality.

-oéhnovetanó   vai. feel patient, perseverant, hold out. É-oéhnovetāno. He's feeling perseverant. Oéhnovetanoo'o! Have faith/Stay strong! See: -ó'tȯsétanó; -toetanó; -héhnovetanó. Category: emotions.

-óehnovetanóh   vta. patient with s.o. É-óehnovetanóháá'e He is patient with him.

-oéhnovetanó'tov   vta. be patient with s.o. É-oéhnovetanó'tovóho. He is patient with him.

-oéhnovévam   vai. encourage s.o. ?? É-oéhnovévámóho ??[ He encouraged him. See: -heestáha'ov.

-oéhnovoéotse   vai. patiently sit. Éše-oéhnovoéotsėstse! Take a breather/patiently sit there! Category: sit.

-oéhnovóohtá   vti. patiently overlook s.t. Éše-oéhnovóóhtȯhtse! Just overlook it (for example, all the negative things being said)!

-oéhnovotse'ohe   vai. work patiently. É-oéhnovotse'ohe He steadily works. É-oéhnovotse'óheo'o. They work patiently/steadily/with perseverance (some whites are viewed this way). See: -hotse'ohe; -héhnovotse'ohe.

-óe'e'ohe   vai. chopped down. É-óe'e'ȯheo'o. (The trees) were chopped down. Non-reduplicated -é'e'ohe. Phon: redup; only used with plural subjects Category: wood.

-oe'kehe   vai. cheat, commit adultery. É-oo'kehe. He cheated/he committed adultery ??

-oe'kėhé'heóneve   vai. be a cheating person. É-oe'kėhe'heóneve. He is an adulterer/he is a cheater. Morph: /-oe'kehé'heónéve/.

-oe'kėhé'tov   vta. cheat s.o., commit adultery on s.o. can refer to marital infidelity. Ná-oe'kėhé'tova. He cheated on me/he committed adultery on me. É-oe'kėhénoto He cheated him/her. É-oe'kėhé'tovóho He's cheating by means of her (that is, his "mistress") (RECK MNG--WHOIS OBJECT??) É-oe'kėhé'tovȧhtseo'o They are cheating; committing adultery with each other. Névé'-nooseoe'kėhé'tovoo'o tsévéstoemósee'e! Don't commit adultery against your spouses! (lit. don't leave.out cheat; the one who is being cheated on is being abandoned/left out) (The noose-preverb especially makes it clear that the cheating is adultery.) See: -oe'kėhénot. Category: interpersonal, marriage.

-oe'kėhéno'é   vai. cheat. refers to cheating someone. É-oe'kėhénó'e. He cheated. vta: -oe'kėhénot. See: -oe'kehe.

-oe'kėhénot   vta. cheat s.o. É-oe'kėhénoto. He cheated him. É-oe'kėhénótóho. (younger speakers' pronunciation). Ná-oe'kėhénota. He cheated me. vai: -oe'kėhéno'é. See: -oe'kėhé'tov. Category: money, interpersonal.

-oe'kėhétanó   vai. cheat. É-oe'kėhétáno. He's cheating. Category: interpersonal.

-oe'kėhévatam   vta. suspicious of s.o. É-oe'kėhévatamóho. He is suspicious of him. vta: -átam. Category: interpersonal.

-oe'kėhévátam   vta. suspect s.o. of cheating; suspicious of s.o.; leery of s.o. Náohke-oe'kėhevátámo. I'm leery of him. Móhnėševáhtome-oe'kėhévatamȯhevóhe. He was still suspicious of her. [1987:252] Category: cognition, interpersonal.

-oe'kėhévatsėstahe   vai. suspicious. for example, said of some whites who think all Indians cheat or steal. Éohke-oo'kėhévatsėstȧheo'o. They are suspicious. Category: whites.

-oe'kėhévetanó   vai. want to cheat on spouse, cheat (on spouse) - want to. É-oe'kėhévétáno. He/She wants to cheat on his/her spouse. Category: marriage, interpersonal.

-oe'kėhévo'ané   vai. speak in a tricky manner. É-oe'kėhévó'áne. He speaks tricky/connivingly. Category: speak.

-oe'kėhévo'eétahe   vai. cheat, commit adultery, deceive. É-oe'kėhévo'eetahe. He committed adultery/deceived. [1987:271] fai: -o'eétahe. Category: interpersonal.

-oe'kėhévotse'ohe   vai. cheat at work, work cheat. É-oe'kėhévotse'ohe. He cheated at his work. Category: work.

-oé'koetaneva'xe   vai. stick out tongue. É-oé'koetaneva'xe. He (for example, a snake) is sticking out his tongue. Category: snakes.

-óe'ó   fii. water - by. Éam-óé'o. He's/It's floating. Étáho'kov-óé'o. It floated to the top. Éonóv-óé'o. He (or it) floated ashore. See: -óová; -óome; -'sevó; -óé. Category: float.

-oe'tó   fai. hang from; cling.

fii. for example, of a berry on a bush. Éháo'-oe'tónėstse menȯtse. There are lots of berries/many berries are clinging to bushes. Tsėhéóhe éšeéenéma'o'eá'kav-oe'too'o! Just hang around here (delayed imperative)! (humorous literal transl. [1987:178] See: = -hoe'tó; -oése ‘hang’; -hoéstá₂ ‘hang’. Category: hang, berries.

oé'tov-   i. stumble, uncoordinated. Phon: redup ?? See: -é'tova'á.

-oé'tovenestse   vai. stutter; stammer; stumble in speaking language. É-oé'tovenestse. He stumbled in speaking/he is "rusty". Category: speak.

-oé'tovenoné   vai. stumble in singing. É-oé'tovenoneo'o. They aren't singing together/they are not singing in coordinated fashion. Category: sing.

-oem   fii. cost; value. Éhá-oeme. He (or it) is expensive (high-cost). Ésóv-oeme. It (or he) is inexpensive. Éohkevá'nemȧhtóhtȯhen-oemēnėstse. They (for example, moccasins) cost just $10. Nánėhet-oēmo. I am related that way to him. See: -hoem.

-oen   vta. skin s.o. É-oenóho. He skinned him (for example, a deer). See: -e'xoen; -véhpeoeváen; -oeno'éevá. Etym: *nepeHšina:wa ‘I skinned him’; cf. U mpax:í:na. Category: animals.

-óéná   fai. pray. Éhá-óéná. He prayed, worshipped. Éomóm-óéna. He prayed weeping. Éém-óéna. He prayed secretly. Één-óéna. He stopped praying. Énėhet-óena'tovóho. He prayed that way to him.

-óenené   vai. thresh. É-óénéne. He is threshing. See: -o'eno'é. Category: farm.

Oenenéeše'he   na. August, Harvest Moon. See: O'enenéeše'he; Hemotséeše'he. Category: time, months.

óenenestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom thresher; threshing machine. Category: tools.

óeneo'o   ni. thresher; threshing machine. Category: tools.

-oeno'éevá   vai. skin; dress out. i.e. take hide off an animal. See: ho'éeve (ho'eeve?). É-oeno'ééva. He's skinning. vta: -oen. Category: butcher.

-óenoosané   vai. stare. meaning of 'stare' when used in the negative. Éohkėsáa'-óenoosanéheo'o. They stare (for example, at Indians). whites are perceived as staring at Indians. See: -o'oom; -oó'o'oom. Category: whites, sight.

-óeomahe   vai. mournful. É-óeomahe. He is mournful. [pd 722] Category: emotions.

-óeomȧhtsená'ó   vai. have weepy quivering lips. É-óeomȧhtsená'o Her lips are quivering as if she's about to start crying. Medial -ahtsená. Category: cry.

-óeomȧhtsenáotse   vai. have quivering lips from sorrow. É-óeomȧhtsenáotse Her lips are quivering as if she's about to start crying. Medial -ahtsená. Category: cry.

-óeoméné'o   vai. have a weepy face. É-óeoméné'o. He has a weepy face. BodyPartMedial -éné. Category: cry, face.

-óeometanó   vai. be weepy; be in a crying mood; sad. for example, at the death of one's child. É-óeometāno. He is feeling weepy. See: omóme-; -ánovetanó. Category: emotions, cry.

oes-   i. discharge.

-oese   i. with quick action, on the spot. Námé'e-oesēsta. I told it right then and there. Éáhane-oešēše. He was killed in an accident (for example, a car wreck). See: -oest.

-oése   fai. hang, float. Éév-oése. He (for example, God) hangs about. See: -hoése ‘hang’; -oe'tó ‘hang from’. Category: hang.

oése-   pv. into. Phon: redup Non-reduplicated ése-.

óeséhéóvo   p. inopportune, ill-timed, right then when it could have been some other time. epistemic particle of exclamation. Óeséhéóvo námomáhpe'háeneotse. Right at the time (of sighting down the barrel of the gun at the deer) my(sighting) eye watered! (told to illustrate how deer have special powers; they can even cause hunters' eyes to water). This particle has also been used to exclaim about someone who walked on a newly mopped floor that was still wet; for example, "you could have walked on this floor at any other time, but as it happened you walked across it at precisely this time when I just mopped it!" It can also be used to refer to something which you are doing but do not need to do because someone else had already done it and beat you to it. See: vétséno.

-oese'haná   vai. spit. É-oese'hāna. He spit. Etym: cf. M pake:cesae:hkow. See: -e'haná; -énotóhta. Category: body function, mouth.

-oese'hanóhtá   vti. spit on s.t. É-oese'hanóhta. He spit on it. Oese'hanóhtȯhtse! Spit on this! vta: -oese'hanót. See: -énotóhtá. Category: mouth.

-oese'hanót   vta. spit on s.o. É-oese'hanoto. He spit on him. vti: -oese'hanóhtá. Category: mouth.

-oeseméená   vai. molt. É-oeseméenao'o. They molted. Lit: discharge-feathers Ques: what about snakes? Medial -méená. Category: birds.

-oesenȧho'he   vai. very hot; feverish. É-oesenȧho'he. He is very hot / has a fever. Category: sickness, temperature.

oésena'éva'ohtȯtse   na. vest. Lit: put.into-arms-thing Plural oésena'éva'ȯhtoto. Phon: redup BodyPartMedial -na'évá. See: oo'ena'eveéstse'he. Category: clothing.

-oesepáené   vai. empty; take out ashes. See: né'tȯheoenévetoo'o. É-oesepáéne He took the ashes out/he emptied the ashes. Category: housework. Lit: discharge-ashes

-oesevéh   vta. name s.o. that is, give a name to someone, often during a name-giving ceremony. É-oeseveho. He named him. É-oesevéhóho. (pronunciation of younger speakers). Évaveto nátȧsáa'évataehéne'enóhe tséxhe'éahéto nėhe'xóvévatsé'-oesevéhanéto. I don't know back then exactly at what age I was when I had a name ceremony. (1987:114). See: -no'evéhe'tov ‘named for s.o.’. Category: name.

-oesevéoná   vai. jealous of husband. over another woman. É-oesevéona. She's jealous of her husband over another woman. Feminine -nóvá. See: -ésevéoná. Category: interpersonal, marriage.

-oest   i. instantly, rapidly, quickly. Náhe'kėhe'oná-oestōhno. I pricked his hand (instantly). Éó'e-oesta'xe éstse'he. The shirt is drying (rapidly flapping??) in the wind. Nėhe'še éxȯhtoohketomȯhtánánóvo vee'eé'ȯhkeévaávoe-oesta'hatse. Then they tried to put up the tepee, it would blow back down. [1987:30] Eáá Éhoháe-oestȯhéhoo'o! My! She really got hit bad! [Croft 1988:30:17] Ého'-oesta'xe. He dashed up (to there). Náhomó'-oestose. I'm really getting cold. (more "emphatic" than náhomóhtose). See: oese-; sé'hove-; sé'ea'e; -otse. Category: time.

-oestá₁   fai. wear a dress. É-ma'oēsta. She's wearing a red dress. She has on a torn dress. É-neó'kóésta. She has on a tight fitting dress. Éka'-oēsta. She has on a short dress. Éé'om-oēsta. She has on a greasy dress. Épėhév-oēsta. She has on a nice dress. IndepNoun hoestȯtse. See: -he-voestove; -voestá₂. Category: dress, clothing.

-oéstá₂   fii. hang. Neva o'xe ééšėhehp-oésta. It's 4:30 p.m. (lit. four (and) a half it is already hanging past). vai: -hoéstá₂ ‘hang’. Category: hang.

-oestȯhtóoneh   vta. sacrifice s.o. Ná-oestȯhtóonēho I sacrificed him. vai: -oestóné.

óestome   na. chicken hawk. Category: birds. Plural óestómėheo'o; Obviative óestómeho.

-oéstomó'he   fai. character, personality. Épėhév-oéstomo'he. He has a nice personality. Épėhév-oéstomó'hehe? Does he have a nice personality? Énétȧhév-oéstomo'he. He is different/he has a different kind of personality. Category: personality.

-oéstóné   fai. read, count. Épėhév-óéstóne. He reads well. Émá't-óéstóne. He graduated. vai: -hoéstóné. See: -oestóné ‘make an offering’; -ȯxe'ėstóné ‘write’. Category: school.

-oestóné   vai. make an offering. É-oestóne. He is making a prayer cloth offering. Móhóse-oestónėhevóhe háne taa'éva. They made an offering again the other night. (1987:112). This kind of traditional offering involves use of prayer cloths, typically placed on bushes or similar objects. See: -oéstóné ‘count’; oestóono; -ma'heónėstóné; -tšėhešėtóné; -estsénené. vta: -oestóne'tov. Category: ceremonial.

Oestóné'e   na. Sacrifice Woman. Category: names.

-oestóne'tov   vta. offer s.o., offer s.o. as an offering, sacrifice s.o. É-oestóne'tovóho. He sacrificed him. See: -oestȯhtóoneh.

oestónestȯtse   na. Gram: nom offering piece, sacrifice piece. for example, cloth or food. See: oestóono. Mótȧhésenó'otsėhóhetsenotóhe oestónėstoto É'ėxováhtóva. She went after some more sacrifices (material) in Billings. (1987:110). Plural oestónėstoto; Obviative oestónėstoto.

oestoo'o   na. prayer cloth. Plural oestóono. Category: ceremonial.

oestóonévėstoo'o   ni. Oblique oestóonévėstóonéhéva (perhaps also oestóonévėstóva). altar. Lit: fixed like a prayer cloth Phon: vs

-óestóonévoem   vta. regard s.o. as a sacrifice. é'-óestóonévoeme Vo'ėstanévėstómanéhe The Savior (Jesus) was regarded as a sacrifice.

oestóono   na. Gram: pl sacred cloths, prayer cloths. These ceremonial pieces of cloth can be anchored on the ground by four rocks. Or they can be placed on trees. There has to be at least four of them. They are a kind of offering to symbolize a prayer request. They come across as something like appeasement to the gods. At a gravesite the following four colors of prayer flags were observed: white, black, green, and red. See: hoohēō'o. vai: -oestóné; Singular oestoo'o. Category: ceremonial.

oestóonȯtse   ni. Gram: pl sacrifices. The animacy of the object sacrificed determines whether the spelling oestóono or oestóonȯtse will be used.

-oestosé   vai. be shawl less. É-oestōse. She doesn't have a shawl on. See: -oestȯséohtsé. Category: dress.

-oestovan   vti. É-oestovāna. He doubled it/he 'put up a storm window'.

vta. double s.t./s.o. ??

óeše-   vai. already. Non-contracted éše-. Kȧsovááhe, tsé'ȯhkeévėhešeto éme'óešėhetómeto, néme'évavóho'oeše. Young man, all the things you've said to me are just so much B.S., you might just throw me away. (a song recorded by Grinnell).

-oeše   vai. be in water, water - be in. É-oēše. He is in water. Ques: lit., lie in water?? vii: -oehá. See: -óová; -óome; -óeše. Etym: *akwinčinwa. Category: liquid.

-óeše   vai. alight, land. É-óéše. He (esp. a bird) landed. É-óešéne. They landed. Éne'-óéše. He landed (for instance, at the airport, coming home, toward the speaker). A'e nenóveto énėxho'e-óešenasėstse néhe ma'xevé'késo. In a little while that big bird arrived and landed. [VISION.TXT] vta: -óešé'tov; fta: -óeh. See: -oeše ‘be in water’. Category: motion.

oéšeēva   obl. daily. Antonym totáa'ēva. Phon: redup Non-reduplicated éšeēva. See: nėhestoha éšeēva ‘each day’. Category: time.

-óešé'tov   fta. alight on s.o., land on s.o. É-óešé'tovóho. It (animate) landed on him. Nėstáxe-óešé'tova ma'xevé'késo. A big bird will land on you. [VISION.TXT] fai: -óeše. See: -óešem. Category: birds.

-oéšem   vta. disparage s.o., speak negatively about s.o. difficult to translate; not as intense as -oo'hem. É-oéšemóho. He disparaged him. See: -óešem; -oo'hem; -oóoxȯhevoo'e. Category: speak.

-óešem   vta. throw .o. with landing; throw down s.o. É-óešemóho. He threw him down and he landed. vii: -oehá. See: -oéšem; -éseóešem; -óehahtsé; -anȧha'ham. Category: throw.

-oešeme   vii. spill; be shed ?? É-oešeme It (or he?) was spilled/it was shed (for example, blood) ??

-oéšenot   vta. convince; coax s.o. É-oéšenotóho. He convinced him. See: -éšenot; -éšenȯxévaen; -vonȯhósem. Category: speak, influence.

-óešeoesem   vta. tell off s.o. É-óešeoesemóho. He told him off. Category: speak. See: -vé'hoét.

-óešévaen   fta. place s.o. quickly. Nátomȯse-óéšéváéno. I stood him up. Category: put.

-oešéve'éxané   vai. have trachoma; pink eye; sore eyes. É-oešéve'éxáne He has sore eyes/trachoma/pink eye. Category: eyes.

oeškēse   na. dog. See: hótame. Morph: /oehkeséh/. var: oeškēso; Diminutive oeškėséhéso; Simplified Spelling oishkis; Plural oeškėseho; Obviative oeškėseho. Category: animals.

-oeškėséhéméá'ha   vii. smell of dog. É-oeškėséhéméá'ha. It smells of dog. Category: smell. See: -méa'há.

oeškėséhéso   na. Gram: dim puppy; doggie; little dog. Plural oeškėséhesono; Obviative oeškėséhesono; Non-diminutive oeškēse. Category: dogs.

-oeškėséhevatam   vta. regard s.o. as a dog. a strong putdown. É-oeškėséhevatamóho. He regards him as a dog. Category: interpersonal.

-oeškėséheve   vai. be a dog. can be used as a figurative expression about someone who is treated badly; this meaning is probably borrowed from English. Ésáa'-oeškėséhévéhe. He's not a dog. Category: animals.

-oeškėséhevoem   vta. regard s.o. as being like a dog. a severe putdown. Usage: neologism É-oeškėséhevoemóho. He regards him as being like a dog (a real putdown). Né-oeškėséhevoemȧtse! You dog!

oeškēso   Ques: .G.dog.jpg;1";1.23";jpg na. dog. var: oeškēse; Plural oeškėseho; Obviative oeškėseho. AltPl = oeškėsono (also var. obv.; less common for pl. and obv. than oeškėseho) newer term than hótame. dog is used in the Sun Dance ceremony. See: hótame; xamaeoeškēso. na-oeškėséhame my dog. Oeškēso mȧxhéxaēsto nevénótse he'poo'o! When a dog urinates against your tent just smoke! (instruction to a new chief, meaning "When someone does something bad to you, even as bad as stealing your wife, stay calm.") Category: dogs, animals.

-oeškéve'éxané   vai. have trachoma; pink eye; sore eyes. É-oeškéve'éxáne He has trachoma. var: -oeve'éxané.

-oeškévematséné   vai. have scabby eyes. See: -oeve'éxané. É-oeškévematséne He has scabby eyes.

-oéškȯseesévo'kėhaná   vai. wear pointed shoes. É-oéškȯseesévo'kėhāna He has on pointed shoes. Category: shoes.

-oéškȯse'está   vai. pointed ears. See: -éškosó. É-oéškȯse'ēsta He has pointed ears. Category: ears. Phon: redup

-oéškȯseoxa'ohe   vai. have a beaded tepee design. É-oéškȯseoxa'ȯhénėstse They are beaded with a tepee design. some Cheyenne men's moccasin designs are tepee, deer, bird including eagle. Category: designs. Ques: women's designs?

-oéškȯsȯhtȧhéné   vai. make a pointed design. É-oéškȯsȯhtȧhéne He's making a pointed design. Category: designs.

-óeta'xá   vti. slit s.t. É-óetā'xa He slit it (for example, with a knife).

-óeta'xaéné   vai. have slit eyes. esp. of an Oriental person. É-óeta'xaéne He has slit eyes (for example, Oriental person) ??

-óetsetanó   vai. worry. É-óétsétáno. He is worried. Ná-óétsétáno. I'm worried. Névé'e-óétsétáno! Don't be anxious! Ȯht-óetsetanótonȯhtse náohkevé'šėhéhnovetanonȯtse Ma'hēō'o. Whenever I am troubled, God encourages me. Reduplicated -oóétsetanó. Category: emotions.

-óetsetanóh   vta. pester s.o., bother s.o. É-óetsetanóhóho. He pestered him. É-óetsetanóháá'e hestónaho. His daughter begged him. See: -mé'emo'eéh. Category: interpersonal.

-óetsetanóm   vta. pester s.o. by speaking. for example, when a child keeps begging for something over and over. É-óetsetanómóho. He pestered him by speaking. Category: speak.

-óetsetanón   vta. worry s.o. See: -óetsetanóh. ésáahéne'enóhénóvo tséohkėheše-óetsetanónaétse They don't know how they worry us (BERTHA.TXT).

-óetsetanóna'ov   vta. bother s.o., trouble s.o. hová'éhe éohke-óetsetanóna'oo'e something bothers him (1980:80:14).

óetsetanónave-   pv. anxiously, worriedly, troubled. Névé'e-óetsetanónavevo'ėstanéhévéme Don't (pl) live anxiously!

-óetsetanónave-éestse   vai. complain, speak in a troubled fashion. É-óetsetanónaveééstse. He complained/he spoke in a troubled fashion. See: -éestse. Category: speak.

óetsetanónavo'omenėhestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom agony, trouble. Usage: neologism or artificial?

-óetsetanóotsé'tov   vta. disappointed in s.o., anxious about s.o. Náma'xe-óetsetanóotsé'tóvo. I'm disappointed in him. Category: emotions, interpersonal.

-óetsetanóso'hé   vai. pester, annoy. É-óetsetanósó'he. He pestered.

-óetsetanov   vta. bother s.o.; trouble s.o. É-óetsetanovóho ?[ He bothered him/he troubled him. See: -óetsetanóna'ov; -me'emo'éeh.

oév-   i. scabby. from scabies, English spelling "scabby" commonly used on the reservation.

-oévahtsená   vai. have scabby lips. É-oéváhtse He has sore/scabby lips. Category: mouth.

oéve-   pv. scabby. colloquially, the English adjective referring to having scabies is spelled "scabby" among Cheyennes, for example, Birney people are referred to as Scabby People. Oévemanȧhéno Birney (lit. scabby-place). oévėhótame scabby dog.

-oeve   vai. have mange; have scabies. É-oeve He has scabies/he has mange. Category: dogs. Morph: /-oéve/.

-oévėhe'oná   vai. have scabby hands. É-oévėhe'ōna He has scabby hands.

oévėheséeo'ȯtse   ni. scabby medicine. Category: plants.

-oéve'éxané   vai. have scabby eyes. See: -oeškéve'éxané. É-oéve'éxáne He has scabby eyes.

Oévemana   na. Scabby, Birney person. See: Oévéta. Category: names.

Oévemanȧhéno   ni. Birney, Montana. Lit: scabby-band-place See: Tséh-ma'ėho'a'ē'ta. Category: places.

Oévemanaho   na. Gram: pl Birney people. Category: district.

Oévemó'ėsá'e   na. Scabby Calf. a nickname for one of several men named Mó'ėsá'e. Category: names.

Oévenáhkȯhá'e   na. Scabby Bear Woman. Category: names.

-oévéné   vai. scabby face - have a. É-oévéne. He has a scabby face. Category: sickness.

-oéveóhtá   vai. scabby leg(s) - have. É-oéveóhta. His leg(s) is scabby. BodyPartMedial -óhtá. Category: sickness.

-oéveotse   vai. mangy, have mange, become scabby. "scabby" is a colloquialism for the disease of scabies; it does not refer to having scabs. É-oéveotse. He has mange. See: -óoveotse. Category: dogs, sickness.

Oévéta   na. Scabby. See: Oévemana. Category: names.

-óexanené   vai. prepare; get ready. Phon: redup not used with sg. subjects. Nėhe'še é'osáanėxae-óexanenéhoono néhe hetaneo'o. then those men got ready. Non-reduplicated -éxanené.

oh-   pv. conjunct preverb. Náhtȧhéve'hoeotsé'ta (mȧheo'o) tséohvéhpene'hō'ta. I went (down) to look at (the cabin), it was vacant. (1987:30). tséohne'ameohtsėse hetane a man was approaching (1980:68:6). Usage: obsolescing (cf. 1987:34:fn. 21) Ques: meaning unknown but it seems to give a conjunct verb a more "independent" status, similar to how independent order verbs are usually used

-oh   fti. by tool. Nápo'-ōha I broke it off (with some tool). Etym: *-ah. fta: -oh(n).

-óh   voice. passive suffix for TA verb stems ending in -ov or -ev with unspecified subjects and third person semantic objects. évovéstom-óheo'o They were taught. See: -ané; -e; -óné.

oh-   pv. even though. Phon: allomorph ox- before /h/ tsé-ohpėhéva'e násáaho'ȧhéhe I don't want this even though it is good. tsé-oxhešepėhéva'e násáaho'ȧhéhe I don't want this even though it is good. tseta-oxhevésėhóeotsėhaeheho nótȧxévé'hó'e (BELONG HERE??) the soldiers might take her out (1987:57). Násaáapėhévėhéne'enóhe tsėhésenėstsestȯtsená-ohkánometsėhésenestse I don't know well the Cheyenne language, even though I talk Cheyenne(1987:237). See: kánome-; váhtome-.

oh-   pv. unsuccessful, try, frustrated. Phon: allomorph ox- before /h/; oht- before a vowel; xȯh- with past tense often combines with following to'se-, for meaning of 'was going to(but was unsuccessful at)'. See: hótse-; onése-; e'tse-?. É-ohto'seó'ȯhtó'áne. He almost said the wrong thing. É-ohnėhesétamóho. He thought it was him (but it wasn't). Ná-ohtaonésetó'hévámo I almost stopped him (by speech) (I was unsuccessful at trying to stop him). É-ohto'senéméne He was going to sing (but it didn't work out). Ná-oxhoonēto I unsuccessfully warned him/I tried (but failed) to warn him. Ná-ohtšėhešėhoonēto I unsuccessfully warned him. éx-ȯhtanėhevoōne They tried to say the same thing (1987:30). É-ohtamenovetóho néhe hetanevo'óho He tried to have a contest with that Arapaho (1987:149). nėhe'xóvéva é-ohtséšeto'ėstó'ėhó'tȧhnovo at that time they almost beat him (1987:150). móx-ȯhtoohkema'xeémȯhónėhevóhe They would hunt and hunt (unsuccessfully) (1987:261).

ȯh-   pfx. whenever, iterative (conjunct prefix). See: hó'-. Phon: allomorphs oht- when vowel follows; other allomorphs: ȯx-, ȯs-, etc. many proper name participles take this prefix. Ȯh-nėševaestse Swift. Ȯht-ame'háooestse Flying. Ȯssȯsóa'xėstse Plunging Into the Enemy. Ȯx-hóotóó'ȯhtse Looks Behind. Ȯhméhoestse Beloved (translation of Biblical name David). éhéne'ēna (ȯh)to'sėhoo'kȯhoo'ėstse He knows whenever it's going to rain. ȯx-ho'sóestovetsee'ėstse whenever there is dancing. ȯs-sáamésėhéstovėhanéhetsee'ėstse whenever there is not eating. Móstaohkenéehevóhe ȯh-taónėšeotsétsesėstse heške. They would stop when(ever) her mother would have a contraction. (1987:26). Naa ȯh-tséveévo'sóetonȯtse ho'e éohkeó'xoma'eotse. And whenever I used to play the earth would crack open. (1987:257). éohkėsáa'évėhéne'enóhehane tséévėhešévėstove heómaa'e ȯh-ta-vé'hestanee'ėstse you don't know what you are doing, too much if you take it (drink)(1987:56). Šéstótó'ke éohkeéenéméne ȯh-tséešé'šenasėstse ȯhvóona'ótsee'ėstse. Pine used to sing when he awakened in the morning. (1987:181). Category: grammar.

oha   p. but, only, except. var: óvahe. Often occurs in this sequence: naa oha. Oha tatsėhe'ohtsėstse hohtóvamȧheóne! You MUST go to the store! Oha nátsėhésenėstsétáno. I want to speak only Cheyenne. oha na'ėstse only one. Naa hétsetseha oha no'ka nátaévȧho'eōhtse. And now I've only been there once. [1987:17] Étaévȧhéne'enovóho tséohkėhestóhetsėse naa ohaéohkenésta'oméévó'áne. She remembered what they were called but she was pronouncing the old language. [1987:15] Phon: contracts to oa in typical speaking speed; the "w" sound which automatically occurs between Cheyenne "o" and "a" leads to a pronunciation of óvahe by some speakers See: mé'tó'e; ónétáhtse; nėše-.

-ohāā'e   vai. arise, get up, stand up. for example, to move from a sitting to a standing position. É-ohāā'e. He arose/got up. Ohāā'ėstse! Get up! Ohāā'e! Get up (said to more than one person)! Morph: /-ohaé/. used with preverb éva- for 'arise (as in Christ's resurrection)' in missionized Cheyenne borrowed from English; a more natural Cheyenne word would be -éva-ametanéné 'return to life'. Phon: vs vii: -ohaé'tá. See: -ohaéta'ó; -néhoveóó'e; -to'é; -to'éotse. Etym: *pasekwiiwa. Category: stand.

oháe-   REDUP. very. Ná-hoháéána. I'm very hungry. Éoháetšėške'emenoo'e. it's really too small. [Floating Eyes:075] Contracted o-. See: hoháe-. Category: degree.

oháe-   pv. very much. contraction of hoháe-.

-ohaé'tá   vii. Ques: vti ?? rise, erect - become. can refer to a penis becoming erect. Éxaehe'kease-ohaé'ta. It (penis) slowly started to become erect. ?? Category: sex.

Ohaéma'heónéeše   Easter. Lit: arise-sacred-day Usage: not commonly used Category: holidays.

-ohaéšeotse   vai. spring up; jump up. É-ohaéšeotse. He sprang/jumped up. See: -ohaa'e. Category: motion.

-ohaeška'a'xe   vai. jump up. É-ohaeška'a'xe He jumped up. Usage: natural, or maybe loan transl. from Engl.?

-ohaéta'ó   vai. arise fast, get up fast. É-oháétá'o. (pitches ??) He got up fast. Naa néhe móstó'nėšėhóe-ohaéta'ȯhéhe néhe tséstaonénėxȯhemoese. So this (lawyer) got up and left as soon as he was paid by him. [1987:183] See: -ohāā'e. Category: motion.

-ohaétan   vta. cause s.o. to arise; raise s.o. (that is, cause s.o. to arise). É-ohaétanóho. He raised him up. Ma'hēō'o náéva-ohaétana. God raised me up (for example, when I was discouraged, fallen, or backslidden). See: -he'aman. Category: move.

-óha'ó   vii. swollen. É-óhá'o. It's swollen. Ésáa'óha'óhane navee'ėse. My tooth is not infected.

vai. Synonym -póha'ó. Éóhá'o namo'ēško. My finger (an.) is infected. Éhmaxe-óhá'o. He was really swollen (from dropsy). (1987:195). Category: texture.

ohas-   i. shine.

óháse   p. also. var: áháse, áháso. See: māto; naa; aose.

-ohasé   vii. on fire, burn. É-ohāse. It is on fire. fii: -asé. See: -ohase'še; -ohaséhené; -éxo'asé. Category: fire.

-ohaséhené   vai. polish. É-ohaséhéne. He's polishing. Category: housework.

-ohasé'há   vii. shine. É-ohasé'ha. It is shining. vti: -ohasé'hahtsé; vai: -ohase'še. See: -ohasévoome; -ohasé; -vó'ho'kȧse'še. Category: light.

-ohasé'hahtsé   vti. shine s.t. É-ohasé'háhtse. He is shining it. vii: -ohasé'há.

-ohase'še   vai. sparkle, shine, shimmer, glitter. for example, of snow or the sun. var: -ohaše'še. É-ohase'še. He is sparkling. (for example, with a shiny coat). É-ohase'še hésta'se. The snow is sparkling. See: -vó'ho'kȧše'še; -vó'ho'kȧse'há. Category: weather.

-ohasén   vti. shine s.t./s.o., polish s.t./s.o. É-ohaséna. He shined/polished it. Category: surface.

-ohaséotse   vii. catch on fire. É-ohaséotse. It caught on fire.

vai. See: -éxo'ȧséotse. Category: fire.

-ohaséveata   vai. have a sheen; shine. É-ohaséveata. He has a sheen (for example, silk cloth). Category: texture.

-ohaséve'óhtané   vai. shiny forehead. É-ohaséve'óhtáne. He has a shiny forehead. Category: body.

-ohasévéné   vai. shiny face. É-ohasévéne. He has a shiny face. Category: face.

-ohasévenóno'e   vii. look shiny, shiny look. É-ohasévenóno'e. It looks shiny. Category: appearance. fii: -nóno'e.

-ohasévenóohe   vai. shine in appearance. É-ohasévenóohe. He has a shiny face (or appearance).

-ohaséveotse   vii. turn shiny. É-ohaséveotse. It/He turned shiny. for example, of a ring that is cleaned.

-ohasévėsané   vai. dress in shiny clothes. É-ohasévėsáne. He is dressed in shiny clothes. fai: -sané₂. Category: dress.

ohasévetohko   ni. shiny pot (for example, of stainless steel). See: hetohko. Category: containers.

ohasévoestato   ni. (silver) concho belt. Lit: shiny-belt Plural ohasévoestátónėstse. See: hoestáto. Category: dance.

-ohasévoome   vii. be clear liquid. É-ohasévoome. It is clear liquid. See: -óom; -tóoome; -ohasé'há. Category: liquid.

-ohaše'še   vai. sparkle, shine, shimmer. for example, of snow or the sun. É-ohaše'še. He is sparkling. É-ohašé'šeo'o. They are sparkling. var: -ohase'še; vii: -ohase'há. Category: light.

óhatoo'ėse   p. that's it. difficult to translate; can have the idea of "You found out; I told you it would be that way!" Naa nánėševá'nemétaa'e óhatoo'ėse. And he just gave it to me, that's it. (1987:167). var: áhatoo'ėse. See: oha.

-ohe   fai. urgently, hurriedly. Náto'senėhešéve-ohe. I'm going to do it with urgency/hurriedly (cf. -hešévé).

-ohe   fai. move, go. Éamemé-ohe. He ran. Éase-ohe. He ran away. ?? Ého'e-ohe. He arrived. can be suffixed to a full verb, changing the viewpoint of the verb, esp. of its motion, perhaps slowing (??) the action of the verb, for example. Éxho'a'hasó'he-ohe. He rode up on horseback. See: -ohtsé; -ehné; -a'xe; -o'ȧhéotse.

-óheotse   vii. É-óheotse. It swelled.

vai. swell.

ohke-   pv. habitually, regularly. Often translated as 'always' but mé'ėstse is the most accurate way to say 'always' in Cheyenne. Ohke-pėhévemé'éstȯhtse! Try to tell it right! Ná-ohkemésėhétáno. I like to eat. É-ohkėhomōse. She is a cook. É-ohkėsáanéhnetaméhe. He never gives up. É-ohkėsáamȧhovotse'óhéhe. He never gets tired of work. É-ohkėho'ahe. He likes it (lit. regularly wants it). Reduplicated óohke-. See: hetóse-; mé'ėstse.

-óhkėha'e   fni. cap. asėsé-ohkėha'e stocking cap ?? a'kóhkėha'e cap (short-hat) ?? IndepNoun hóhkėha'e. Category: clothing.

Ȯh-méseestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl 1 • Northern Cheyenne person. Lit: eater can be a proper name for a person (1987:170) as well as a tribal label; the plural of this term, often with the addition of the preverb for 'north', Notaméohmésėhese, is the term used when a distinction is desired to refer those Cheyennes who preferred the northern part of the Plains area where the Cheyenne bands roamed; the group usually contrasted when such a distinction is made are the Heévȧhetaneo'o, which is now used for Cheyennes who live in Oklahoma. This term seems to be used mostly by Cheyennes in Oklahoma for Cheyennes in Montana. See: -tsėhéstahe. AltPl = Notaméohmésėhese Plural Ȯhmésėhese. Category: tribes.

2 • Eater. Category: names.

Ȯhméseestse   vai. Gram: cj-part Northern Cheyenne person. Lit: eater The word-initial oh- is a conjunct prefix; it is commonly used on proper names and on other conjunct verbs referring to action which takes place habitually; when the prefix is used on conjunct participles, the participle acts much like a regular noun; note that some of the following entries, for example, ȯhmésėhé'késo 'young Northern Cheyenne girl', even inflect like nouns (in this case, taking the noun diminutive suffix /-só/), not as the usual conjunct participles, which take conjunct (of the participle subclass)inflection. see discussion under -méseestse. var: Notaméohméseestse; Plural Ȯhmésėhese. Some popular spellings for the pl. have been Ohmeses or Ohmisis or some may even prefer to underdifferentiate the first syllable and spell the word as Moises. Each of these spellings does not allow one to tell that the first /s/ of the word is aspirated (because the root for 'eat' actually contains three phonemic syllables, -mésehe), but the popular spellings are acceptable for most non-technical writing and have the advantage of being easier to typeset and easier for the person who is not well-versed in the modern linguistic means of expressing aspirated ("complex") syllables of Cheyenne, an important part of the sound system of the language, but a feature which is so different from English literacy which most readers of Cheyenne are more familiar with. A common folk etymology given is that this historical Cheyenne band was called "Eaters" because they had plenty to eat, especially of buffalo. It may be that this etymology arose especially after half of the Cheyenne people took up residence in Oklahoma and they looked upon Cheyennes to the north as having access to the buffalo, which they, in the south, did not have. See: Ȯhmésėhéno; -mésehe ‘eat’. AltPl = Notaméohmésėhese Category: tribes.

Ȯhmésėhé'e   na. Northern Cheyenne Woman. Category: names. var: Mésėhé'e. both a common and proper name.

Ȯh-mésėhé'e   na. 1 • Northern Cheyenne woman. var: Mésėhé'e.

2 • Northern Cheyenne Woman. Category: names. both a common and proper name.

ȯhmésėhé'késo   na. Gram: dim young Northern Cheyenne girl. Plural ȯhmésėhé'kėsono.

Ȯhmésėhéno   ni. Final -no. Northern Cheyenne country.

Ȯh-mésėhéno   ni. Northern Cheyenne country.

ȯhmésėhésóne   na. Gram: dim young Northern Cheyenne boy ? the pl. can refer to young Northern Cheyenne children, which can be a mixed group made up of both boys and girls. Plural ȯhmésėhésoneho.

-oh(n)   fta. by tool (or instrument). Etym: *-ehwekwa 'he-(me/you) (by tool)' > Ch /-ohe/ (Go88). etymological note: This entry illustrates that Cheyenne /n/ can reflect an original PA *w. This straightforward statement is oversimplified and the reader should consult a more accurate discussion of the processes whereby the PA semivowels w and y are frequently ultimately reflected by Ch. /n/ (I. Goddard. 1988. Pre-Cheyenne y. In In Honor of Mary Haas. Berlin: Mouton.) Some other examples: notse /nóte/ 'alien' < pwa:0a 'Sioux'. Note the alternation between /'h/ and /'n/ in forms containing the stem 'three' (or 'eight' which is based on the stem for 'three'): na'he 'three of' < *ne'0wi vs. na'nohto 'eight of' < *ne'0wa:tah0wi. The Cheyenne /n/ appears, reflecting the affected PA w, when the /n/ is followed by a back vowel /o/. (See etymological discussion under entry ne- 'second person possessor'.) fti: -oh. Nape'-ōhno. I broke him off by tool. Népo'-ohe. You broke me off by tool. Nápo'-ohe. He broke me off by tool.

óhne-   pv. in ornery fashion; adversely. É-óhnenėhešéve. He did it in an ornery fashion. Éohke-óhnenėhevoo'o. He never has anything good to say. tséstȧsáa'ée'-óhneéestsėstóhéhévȯse when they are not talked roughly (ornery) to. [1987:227] See: -tóvahe. Category: interpersonal.

Ȯh-néhovaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Stands. Category: names.

Ȯhnėševaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Swift. var: Nėševaestse. Category: names.

-óhnetavo'eétahe   vai. sabotage; oppose. É-óhnetavo'eétahe. He opposed/sabotaged. Category: interpersonal.

-óhnetsestá   vti. oppose s.t., be against s.t. tsé'tóhe tsé-óhnetsėstose These (people) who were against it. [SHOWUS.TXT] vta: -óhnetsėstov.

óhnetsėstȧhé'héó'o   na. foe; adversary. Phon: vs Plural óhnetsėstȧhé'heono. Category: interpersonal.

óhnetsėstȧhestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom antagonism; enmity.

-óhnetsėstósané   vai. hold a grudge; oppose people. É-óhetsėstósáne He holds grudges.

-óhnetsėstósené   vai. hold a grudge; oppose people. Móho'nótaéveéva-óhnetsėstósénėstse. He doesn't hold grudges. (1987:232).

óhnetsėstósenestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom grudge, enmity, bad feelings between parties, antagonism. Category: interpersonal.

-óhnetsėstov   vta. have grudge against s.o., oppose s.o.; be against s.o.; be on outs with s.o. Typically the break in relationship means the parties are not on speaking terms; the condition can be mended, and the reconciliation symbolized, with a handshake. É-óhnetsėstovóho. He opposes him. See: -nėsétam. Category: interpersonal.

-ohohtsé   fai. tracks. Éhóest-ȯhōhtse. His tracks lead out. var: -hohtsé. Category: tracks.

-ohomó'he   fai. dance. Épėhév-ȯhomo'he. He danced well. Énȯhtóv-ȯhomo'he. He knows how to dance. Enés-ȯhomó'heo'o. They both danced. Hemámaa'év-ȯhomó'hestȯtse War Bonnet Dance. Néxho'-ȯhomo'hėstse! Come dance! nėhp-ȯhomó'héso burrowing owl. vai: -ho'soo'e. Category: dance.

-ohóné   fai. sign, use hand motions. Éév-ȯhóne. He signed. Éonést-ȯhóne. He's faking out by hand game motions. Évéeam-ȯhóne. He's a good hand game guesser/he guesses right every time. Évovéhp-ȯhóne. He missed everything (in hand game guessing). fta: -ohóov. Category: sign.

-ohoo'e   fai. wade, swim. swimming of fish, ducks, beavers, snakes, etc.; wading of people. Éam-ȯhoo'e. He waded/swam along. Épėhév-ȯhoeo'o. They are swimming nicely. Éhóxov-ȯhoeo'o. They (for example, children) are wading across. Tósa'e étónet-ȯhoo'e? Which way (direction) is he swimming? Énés-ȯhoeo'o. They are both wading (cf. énéšėhoeo'o 'they are both sitting there'). Één-ȯhoo'e. He stopped swimming. Éést-ȯhoo'e. He swam into. Éonóv-ȯhoo'e. He waded ashore. Ésé'-ȯhoo'e. He waded into the water. Énėhmé'-ȯhoo'e. He appeared swimming/wading. Étata'-ȯhoo'e. He waded out of sight. Phon: vs See: -ametó'honá; -tó'honá; -too'hame; -hoo'e; amȯhóomȧhtsestȯtse. Category: motion.

-ohóot   fta. gift s.o., charismatize s.o. Népėhév-ȯhóota Ma'hēō'o. God gave you a good gift. See: -nėhetȯhóot. Category: interpersonal.

-ohóov   fta. sign to s.o., motion to s.o. can refer to talking in Plains Indian sign language. Ná'év-ȯhóóvo. I signed to him. (1987:179). Étó'h-ohóovóho. He motioned him to stop. Náhnėhet-ȯhóóvo. I signed that way to him. (1987:179). Náaset-ȯhóóvo. I motioned him to leave. Náháoenav-ȯhóóvo. I motioned to him to pray. Tatsėhet-ȯhóovenano! Wave at them (an.)! fai: -ohóné. Phon: has -vȯhóov allomorph See: -naesetsé; -onéstȯhóné; -amȯhóné. Category: sign.

-ohosé   mbp. penis. É-mátsev-ȯhōse. He has V.D. (lit. infected-penis). Éhohá-ohōse. He has a very big penis. Éháá'ėst-ȯhóse. He has a long penis. Éhe'kon-ȯhoseóó'e. He has an erect penis. See: -ahá ‘vagina’. IndepNoun vétoo'ȯtse. Category: vulgar, body.

-ohová   fai. flee. Éame-ohōva. He fled. Éase-ohováohe. He fled away/escaped. Etsėhe'-ȯhōva. He ran there. Etóne'-ȯhōva? Where did he escape to? Éxhóe-ohováohesėstse xaevo'ėstane. The Indian ran out. [1980:41:10] See: -o'ȧhéotse; -méohe. Category: motion.

ȯht-   pfx. Gram: cj Gram: ppl conjunct prefix (used in conjunct verbs and proper names). ȯhtȧséehévosėstse whenever they left/whenever they moved camp. ȯhtameehévosėstse whenever they moved. Mó'kėsá'e Ȯhtameohtsėstse Calf Walking. Phon: allomorph of oh- when vowel follows See: oh-; ho'-. Category: grammar.

-oht   sfx. iterative suffix for 1st person sg. subject AI conjunct verbs. Ques: analysis and segmentation uncertain?? ȯhnaóotsétonȯhtse when I sleep. See: -est ‘ITER’.

-oht   sfx. TA conjunct ending for second person subject acting on third person object. See: /-o/. tsévéstoem-ȯhtse your spouse (lit. the one whom you sit with). Etym: *-at.

-óhtá₁   fti. by mouth. Nápo'-óhta. I broke it off with my mouth (or teeth). Násáapo'-óhtóhe. I did not break it off by mouth. Évóhk-óhta. He bent it by mouth. Énén-óhta. He sucked on it. Phon: This entry consists of the final -óht 'by mouth' + TI Object Agreement Marker -á. Homonym -óhtá₂ ‘leg (medial)’; fta: -om. See: -otóht. Etym: *-ant. See: -ohtá₁ ‘abdomen’; -ohtá₂ ‘cold’. Category: mouth.

-ohtá₁   mbp. abdomen, stomach, intestines. This seems to be the inside of the stomach while -asé refers to the outside of the stomach. ?? Éó'-óhta. He is constipated (lit. dry-bowels). Éónėx-ȯhtáóhtse. He has pain in the abdomen (gut/stomach)/bellyache. Éhest-ȯhtáotse. He has cramps in his abdomen. Émom-óhtóhta. He has diarrhea (lit. moving-bowels). Épa'-ȯhtáotse. He had a gall bladder attack (lit. lump in intestines). Homonym -ohtá₂ ‘cold’. See: -tonėše ‘belly’; -asé ‘belly’. Category: body.

-ohtá₂   fii. cold, frozen. Éhe'kon-ōhta. It is frozen. Éma'omév-óhta. It is icy/there is a layer of ice on top. Ésáama'omév-ȯhtáhane. It is not icy. Étonova'om-ōhta. It (for example, river ice) is thick. fai: -ose₁; Homonym -ohtá₁ ‘abdomen (medial)’. See: -óhtá₁ ‘by mouth’; -óhtá₂ ‘leg (medial)’. Category: temperature.

-óhtá₂   mbp. leg. háestȯhe-óhtáhe centipede (lit. many-legged-one). Ékóe-óhtáxe. He bumped his leg. var: -(hk)óhtá. See: -hahtá; -he'konamá. Homonym -óhtá₁ ‘by mouth’. Etym: cf. *mexka:ci (M.). Category: body.

ohtaen-   i. overnight. Éohke-ohtaenoovȯhoosemēnėstse. They (for example, berries) are soaked overnight. See: vóon-. Category: time.

-ohtaene   vai. overnight. É-ohtaene. He stayed overnight. Kómááhe hétsetsehaéohkėsáavovóhponeéva=nȧháó=ȯhtaenéheo'o. at least now it isn't compulsory that they stay in the dormitory (1987:192). tsé'ȯhke-ohtaenevȯhtse mȯxe'ėstónėheo'o dormitory (lit. where students stay overnight). See: -ene; -eno'e. Category: time.

ȯhtaenéheo'o   ni. dormitory. Category: buildings.

ȯhtaenémȧhéó'o   ni. hotel, motel. Lit: overnight-house Locative ȯhtaenémȧhéóne. Category: buildings.

-ohtȧhé   m. design. combines with the equative final /-(é)ve/ in a number of forms, often referring to moccasin designs. éhet-ȯhtȧheve It/he is so colored. étónet-ȯhtȧheve What kind of design does it/he have? épėhév-ȯhtȧheve It has a nice design. éheóv-ȯhtȧheve It has a yellow design. éhotóhke-vȯhtȧhévénėstse They (an. or inan.) have a star design. Phon: if the initial preceding the resultant /-ohtah-éve/ sequence ends in a vowel, /v/ is added before this medial: combines with the abstract AI final /-né/ as in: éhotóhk-ȯhtȧhéne He's making a star design. éoéškȯs-ȯhtȧhéne He's making a pointed design. Épe'pe'-ȯhtȧhéneo'o. They (esp. Siouxs) use conglomeration designs. See: -hohtȧhé; -oxa'ohe. Category: designs.

óhta'hané   fai. tell.story. vai: -hóhta'hané.

Ȯhtame'háooestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Flying. var: Ame'háooestse. Category: names.

Ȯht-ame'háooestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Flying. Category: names.

Ȯhtamevonēhnėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Crawler. var: Amevonēhnėstse. Category: names.

Ȯht-amevonēhnėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Crawler. Category: names.

Ȯhtane'emaxėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Shot At. Category: names.

ohto'se-   pv. almost (but unsuccessfully not). Ná-ohto'sėhovánee'e. I almost died. É-ohto'seéšėhóvanahe. He almost didn't do it. Phon: oh- + to'se- See: ohta-; to'ease-; -to'ėstó'-; éšėto'se-.

Ȯht-óoveotsėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Shaking, Shaker. This is shaking as a horse or dog might do to shed water. See: -óoveotse. Category: names.

ohtóva   fai. sell, buy. vai: -hohtóvá. Één-ȯhtóva. He stopped selling. Émá't-ȯhtóva. He spent all his money / he finished shopping. Évóon-ȯhtóva He sold all night. Tȧhé-ohtóvȧhtse kóhkonȯhēō'o! Go buy bread! vai: -hohtóvá. Category: money.

ohtóva(e)- ??   pv. persistent(ly); keep on. ho'nótae-ohtóva=ta'se='éeháahetanovȯhtse naa mátomóxho'nótaéve-ohtóvaehoháatamaahetanovȯhtse They did not keep acting mean and also they did not keep acting tough (1987:54). See: hohtová-.

óhtováveto   p. persistent. LF: It should be done this way.

ohtove-   pv. in spite of. Nėstseohtovėhéne'enánóvo. You (pl) will find it out (in spite of something). (1987:14).

-ohtsé₁   fai. go. one of several AI movement finals; see discussion under -ehné. Éame-ōhtse. He walked/he went. Homonym -ohtsé₂ ‘process’. See: -ohe; -ehné; -o'ȧhéotse; -a'xe. Etym: *-pahto: ‘run (suffix)’. Category: walk.

-ohtsé₂   fai. slow process. This final refers to a relatively slow, gradual process, while -otse refers to quicker action. Possibly related to -ohtsé 'go (AI final)'. Éoo'xe-ōhtse. (cf. Éoo'xeotse 'it is cracked' or 'it has become cracked') It's cracking. Énae-ōhtse. (cf. É-naeotse 'he died/fainted'; faster action than -naeohtsé) He is numb. Usage: This suffix seems to be obsolescing for some speakers. See: -otse. Category: time.

-ȯhtsé   fti. Conjunct suffix for 3rd person singular subject and inanimate object. tsévóóht-ȯhtse what he saw (variant of tsévóóhto). var: -ó₃. Category: grammar.

Ȯhtséémėhé'e   na. (woman's name). Category: names.

Ȯh-tséémėhé'e   (woman's name). Category: names.

-ohtséhahe   vai. be a beggar. See: -óetsetanóh. É-ohtséhahe He is a beggar.

-ohtsévátanó   vai. be in love; fall in=love. See: -méhósané; -mé'oo'o. É-ohtsévátáno He is in love/he fell in love.

Ȯh-tsévatóéhné'e   na. Dusty Walking Woman. Category: names.

-ohtsévót   vta. give bride gifts for s.o.; fall in love with s.o. It has been strongly emphasized that, contrary to some misunderstanding of this custom, as written in the literature, this is not the same as a "bride price"; the bride is not "bought". The favor of her family was attempted to be obtained through presentation of the bride gifts. The permission to marry the girl was given by her brothers; the girl had no say in the matter. It brought disgrace on the family if the girl refused to comply. Horses were especially given as bride gifts. The horses were tied up outside a distance away. If the brothers did not approve of their sister's suitor, they would not even go outside. After a reasonable amount of time, the suitor understands he is being rejected and takes his horses back. Usage: Occasional modern usage for 'fall in love with s.o.' is semantically derived and does not reflect the precise original meaning. Some speakers do not accept this modern usage of the term. Ques: Were the gifts returned if the brothers did not approve of the suitor?? É-ohtsévoto. He gave "bride gifts" to her family get permission to marry her. É-ohtsévótóho. (said by younger speakers). É-ohtsévohe. She was courted with bride gifts. (This can refer to the parents of the young man coming to ask for the young woman, to marry their son.) Category: marriage.

ohtše-   pv. regularly; habitually. Ná-ohtšeévėhetósėhóhta'háova tsėhéóhe tséévėhésovo'ėstanéhevestȯtse He used to tell me about life around. Usage: old male pronunciation of ohke-

ȯh-vé'-   pv. when(ever); if (conjunct preverb sequence). See: vé'-; mȧh-vé'-; oh-. ȯhvé'nȧha'enóvosėstse whenever they (for example, the soldiers) caught them (...for example, they would then put them in prison). éohkėsáa'évėhéne'enóhehane tséévėhešévėstove heómaa'eȯh-ta-vé'hestanee'ėstse you don't know what you are doing, too much if you take it (drink)(1987:56). Morph: /oh-vé'-/.

Ȯh-vó'komaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl White. Ques: father of Stamper White Category: names.

ókohke   na. crow. Plural ókȯhkeo'o. AltPl = ókȯhkeho Obviative ókȯhkóho. Ókȯhkeo'o éohketsėhésenėstseo'o. Crows (birds) talk Cheyenne. [1979:205] Cheyennes sometimes use the name of the birds, ókȯhkeo'o, to refer to the Crows, their neighbors and historical enemies, esp. if there are Crows nearby who can hear them and would know that the Cheyennes are talking about them if they used the Cheyenne word for 'Crows,' Óoetaneo'o, which they know. Phon: hpo: High Push-Over is a process in which a phonemic high pitch is realized as a low pitch if it is preceded by a high and followed by a phonetic low. This is like a row of dominoes standing up in which the first domino remains standing but pushes over all dominoes standing next to it. High pitches on certain prefixes and preverbs do not trigger HPO. Some other examples of HPO are: né-háoenama /né-háóénáma/ 'we (incl.) prayed'; né-méhotone /né-méhótóne/ 'we(incl.) love him'; é-pėhévatamáno'e /é-pehévátamano'e/ (with iah)'it's a nice environment, pretty countryside'. This rule applies iteratively, until there are no other high pitches to push over. Phon: cf. contracted form /óóe-/ in Óoetane 'Crow' Morph: /ókóhke/. Etym: *ka:ka:kiwa. See: Óoetane ‘Crow person’. Category: birds.

Ókohke Ȯhnéé'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Crow Stands. Category: names.

Ókohke Ȯhvó'omaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl White Crow. Category: names.

Ókȯhkėho'ēsta   na. Firecrow. See: ho'ēsta. Category: names.

Ókȯhkema'evoneo'hé'e   ni. Crow Bill River. near Sweet Water. Category: rivers.

Ókȯhkeméseestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Crow Eater. Category: names.

Ókȯhkeo'o Ȯhnéšese   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Two Crows. Category: names.

Ókȯhkéso   na. Little Crow. Category: names.

Ókȯhkeveho   na. Crow Chief. Category: names.

Ókȯhkevó'omaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl White Crow. Category: names.

Ókȯhkevóo'xénéhe   na. Humped Nose Crow. Category: names.

ókohtše   na. crow. Usage: old male palatalized pronunciation var: ókohke; Plural ókȯhtšeo'o. Category: birds.

okom   na. 1 • coyote. okom (or, okome) is a simplified spelling. The precise spelling is ó'kȯhóme but it is difficult to read. Precise Spelling ó'kȯhóme. Category: animals.

2 • Coyote. Category: names.

3 • conniver, sly person. Usage: fig. Category: personality.

-ó'   m. go by rolling. Probably at one time referred mostly to transportation by wagon, but has been extended to transportation by other vehicles where there is rolling action of wheels. See: -ó'(e); ahkó'-. éam-ó'a'óvahtse He went by bicycle (or tricycle) (lit.he-along-roll-by.body-TRANS-REFL) ?? Phon: spelled as -ó' if the following final begins with /a/; otherwise, spelled as -ó'e Category: roll.

ó'-   pv. just for that, actually. Ésáa-ó'-nėhesóhane. It's not exactly that way. Ésáa'-ó'taenėhéhe Motsé'eóeve. Sweet Medicine didn't exactly say that. (1987:10). Ques: meaning unclear See: tó'-; tae-. Category: degree.

ó'-   i. dry.

-ó'aeho'tá   vai. dry and hot. É-ó'aehō'ta. It (esp. weather) is dry and hot. See: -háaeho'tá. Category: weather.

-ó'ȧhá'ene   vai. cook dry. É-ó'ȧhá'éne. She cooks food dry. Category: cook.

-ó'ahe   vai. dry. É-ó'ahe. He is dry. See: -ó'eotse.

-o'ȧhéotse   fai. drive fast, go rapidly, run. Éam-o'ȧhéotse. He ran by. Ého'-o'ȧhéotse. He arrived there running. Éhóxov-o'ȧhéotse. He ran across. Éhóoht-o'ȧhéotse. He ran home. Éonóv-o'ȧhéotse. He ran ashore / out of the water. if the initial ends in a vowel, that vowel is retained and the initial/o/ of this final is deleted: Éhóe-'ȧhéotse. He ran out. See: -ehné; -méohe; -ohtsé; -ohová; -ohe. Category: run.

-ó'ȧho'he   vai. cooked dry. É-ó'ȧho'he. He is cooked dry. Category: cook.

-ó'ȧho'h(n)   vta. dry s.o. by heat. See: -ó'oh(n). Ná-ó'ȧhó'no I dry him (with heat). [Croft]

-ó'ȧhó'ta   vii. cooked dry. É-ó'ȧhó'ta. It's cooked dry. for example, a roast that cooked too long. Category: cook.

-ó'ahtse   vai. have dry mouth. É-ó'áhtse. He has a dry parched mouth. for example, from severe thirst. Category: mouth. Medial -ahtsená.

-ó'ȧhtsenáotse   vai. dry mouth, very thirsty. Ná-ó'ȧhtsenáotse. I have a dry mouth. BodyPartMedial -ȧhtsená. Category: body.

o'a'-   i. sharp. See: éškos-.

-o'a'éotse   vai. turn head. É-o'a'éotse. He turned his (own) head. Category: head.

-o'a'éše   vai. lie facing the wall. É-o'a'éše. He is lying facing the wall. Category: lie.

-ó'a'eta   vai. sharp.

1 •  É-ó'a'eta. He is sharp.

2 • fig., be mentally acute, alert. This figurative usage is probably a loan transl. from English. Ésó'e-ó'a'eta. He's still sharp. (for example, he's not dull in mind yet). vii: -ó'a'ó. Category: texture.

-ó'a'há   fii. by wind. Éasėt-ó'á'ha. It was blown away by the wind. Éhe'am-ó'á'ha. It flew up in the wind. fai: -ó'a'xe₂. Category: wind.

-ó'a'hahtsé   vti. dry s.t. by shaking. for example, flapping it in the breeze. É-ó'a'hāhtse He's drying it by shaking it. Category: move.

-ó'a'hasené   vai. dry (esp. to dry clothes). É-ó'a'hasēne She's drying clothes (by machine; lit. drying by shaking/throwing). Category: housework.

ó'a'hasenestȯtse   ni. clothes dryer. var: ó'a'hesenestȯtse. See: ó'óéséó'o. var: ó'a'hasēō'o.

ó'a'hasēō'o   ni. clothes dryer. Category: tools. var: ó'a'hasenestȯtse; Plural ó'a'haseonȯtse.

ó'a'hesenestȯtse   ni. clothes dryer. var: ó'a'hasenestȯtse. See: ó'óéséó'o. var: ó'a'haseo'o.

-ó'a'ó   vii. sharp. É-ó'á'o. It's sharp (for example, a knife). vai: -ó'a'eta; Antonym -nėxahpó. See: -óha'ó; -éškosó; -heškovó; -éstovó. Category: texture.

-ó'a'xe₁   vai. dry in wind. for example, of something animate made from cloth, such as a shirt or a towel. Lit: dry-by.wind É-ó'a'xe. He's drying on the clothesline. Category: wind.

-ó'a'xe₂   fai. by wind. Émomóht-o'a'xe. It (animate) is waving in the wind. Éasėt-ó'a'xe. He was blown away by the wind. fii: -ó'a'há. Category: wind.

-o'ame   f. shoot. Nėhe'še tsé'tóhe má'kó'se éstȧhe'am-o'amesėstse hemaāhe Then this Ma'ko'se shot his arrow into the air. (1987:308). See: -ho'ame; -ame. Category: hunt.

-ó'an   vti. dry s.t./s.o. É-ó'anóho. He dried him.

-ó'ané   fai. say, utter, pronounce, articulate, speak. This refers to the mechanics (details) of speaking, while -éestse refers to the overall actor speaking. -ó'ané can refer to pronunciation, but it can be broader than pronunciation, including the use of specific words. The final -nestse refers to speaking a particular language. Épėhév-ó'áne. He said it correctly. Námá't-ó'áne. I have spoken everything (I had to say). Ésáatónėše-ó'anéstovėhane. It cannot be uttered. Náohkėsáaoné'sómepėhévetsėhést-o'anéhe. I truly do not pronounce Cheyenne well. Éohkėsáahetsev-ó'anéhe. He's not afraid to say anything. See: -nestse ‘speak a language’; -heve ‘say’; -ónová; -éestse ‘speak’. Category: speak.

-o'asé   fii. fire, burn, blaze, shine. Éasėt-o'āse. It (esp. forest fire or prairie fire) is burning/has started burning. Ééx-o'āse. It is on fire/the fire is burning. var: -o'kasé. See: -ó'tová; -asé; -ohasé. Etym: cf. *-e0e:- ‘burn, blaze (II final)’. Category: fire.

-ó'atamáno'e   vii. dry ground. É-ó'atamáno'e. It's dry ground / the ground is dry. Category: environment, ground.

-ó'(e)₁   m. roll. esp. by wagon. at one time esp. referred to transportation by wagon, but has been extended to transportation by other vehicles where there is rolling action of wheels. Éév-ó'éna. He rolled (on the ground). Éam-ó'éhne. He went by wagon. Éam-ó'éna. He hauled it by wagon. amó'eneo'o wagon. émoméha'xév-o'eōhtse He came on a galloping team. Náhet-ó'ena He hauled me over there (for example, by car). Phon: spelled as -ó' if the following final begins with /a/ Category: motion.

-ó'(e)₂   m. wood, tree, bush. šéstót-ó'e pine tree. mót-ó'e (from /motó'e/) ash (tree) (imperm. antep. high). homen-ó'e elm. mén-ó'ėšé'e chokecherry bush area. hoóhtsenáheon-ó'e smoke flap poles. ho'otseon-ó'e willow backrest. pó'ponȯheon-ó'e drumstick. Éávȯh-ó'e. He cut timber. Éháa'ėst-ó'ohe. He (tree or tuber) is tall. Évon-ó'éma. He was lost in thick bushes. See: -o'e; -ó'o'e; -ó'é. Etym: *-a:xkw. Category: wood.

-o'é   fii. vegetation, plant, grass, weed. Éénan-ō'e. He's planting. Medial -o'e. See: -ó'o'e; -ó'(e); -ó'é. Category: plants.

o'e-   pv. out, away (from home). É-o'ėhémėsehe. He picnicked. (lit. out-eat). See: -o'ehné.

-o'e   fni. vegetation, plant, grass, weed. he'kon-ō'ėstse buffalo grass (lit. hard-weeds). ván-ó'ėstse sage. ma'-ō'ėstse prairie grass (lit. red-grass). véesév-ó'ėstse tall rank grass (lit. teeth-weeds). fii: -o'é. See: mó'e'e; -ó'o'e; -ó'(e); -ó'é. Etym: *-aškw ‘grass (medial)’. Category: plants.

-ó'é   m. handle, gunstock. appears to refer to the handle of an implement, such as an axe, knife, or hoe, or a shooting instrument which has a handle or gunstock ?? ká'-ó'e pistol. ma'aatán-ó'e gun. ma'aatán-ó'késo .22 rifle. Ée'o'-o'e. ?? The handle is broken. Ée'o'evo'ėhāhtse. He broke the handle of it. Émo'ȯhtávoot-ó'eve. It has a black handle. Ques: reck the following to see if there is a semantic relationship and if each contains such a medial seems to require morpheme-initial v- if the preceding morpheme ends in a vowel ??: néxȧhtsenáv-ó'e double-barrel shotgun. nėhpo'hóenévó'e 30-30 rifle. no'kȧhtsenávó'e single-barrel shotgun. šé'šeetaemaahévó'e shotgun. See: -o'e; -ó'(e); hoóto'e; -ootó'e. Category: guns.

-ó'eéstooná   vai. have a dry throat. É-ó'eéstoōna. His throat is dry. BodyPartMedial -éstooná. See: -mo'ó'eestóoná. Category: body.

-ó'eéstoonáotse   vai. throat become dry. Ná-ó'eéstoonáotse. My throat has gotten dry. BodyPartMedial -éstooná. Category: body.

-o'eétahe   fai. perform a deed, do something; act. Épėhév-o'eétahe. He did a good thing. É-hávėsév-o'eétahe. He did something bad. Éma'heón-o'eétahe. He did something ceremonial (or magical). Category: do.

-o'éevá   mbp. skin. É-ónėxo'éeváóhtse. He has pain in the skin. É-mo'ȯhtávo'ééva. His skin is dark/black. Évo'om-o'ééva. He's light skinned. Néonétȧhév-o'éevama. we (incl.) have different skins. See: ho'éeve; vóhtáne. Category: body.

-ó'ehá   vii. lie drying. Menȯtse é-ó'ėhánėstse. The chokecherries are lying (there) drying out. vta: -ó'ėšem. Category: berries.

-ó'ėhaéne   vai. dry eyes. É-ó'ėhaéne. He has dry eyes. Category: eyes.

-ó'ėhahtsé   vti. place s.t. to dry. É-ó'ėháhtse. He placed it so it could dry. É-ó'ėhahtsenȯtse menȯtse. She's making chokecherry patties. fti: -ehahtsé. See: -ova'kan. Category: put.

-ó'ėhasené   vai. lay something out to dry, dry laying out. that is, put something up to dry. É-ó'ėhasēne. He hung things up to dry.

-ó'ėhe'oná   vai. have dry hands. É-ó'ėhe'ōna ė?? He has dry hands.

-o'ehné   vai. eliminate. urinated or had a bowel movement. Usage: This is a common euphemism for -mée'kahe; -xaa'e; etc. This literally refers to going out back, out of people's view. É-o'ēhne. He eliminated. Étȧhé-o'ēhne. He went to eliminate. Éma'xe-o'ēhne. He pooped a lot. See: -o'eohtsé; -mée'kahe; -mée'ahe; -mése'ahe; -mémėstanóme; -o'ėhnétanó; -xaa'e; -ȧsome. Category: body function.

o'ėhnémȧhéó'o   ni. toilet, bathroom, outhouse. can be for an indoor or outdoor toilet. Usage: euphemism See: too'hamémȧhéó'o. Category: house.

o'ėhnestȯtse   ni. commode.

-o'ėhnétanó   vai. defecate urge. É-o'ėhnétanó. He wants to go to the bathroom. See: -mémėsetanó.

-ó'e'šeehe   vai. decorated. É-ó'e'šeehe. It (esp. tepee) is decorated. (for example, with quills or dew claws). Category: tepee.

ó'e'šeeseo'o   ni. dew claw ornament. Phon: vs Plural ó'e'šeeseonȯtse.

-ó'emá   fai. be of a persuasion. Énėhet-ó'éma He is of that persuasion (for example, he is a peyote person). Relative Root -hetó'emá. See: -nétȧhévó'emá.

o'émeško   ni. saddlebag (used on horse). these are always used as a pair; one on either side of horse; same method as with hó'seonȯtse 'par fleche'. can be used just as suitcases. Plural o'émėškonȯtse. Category: harness.

o'émȯxo'eha   ni. sole. of shoe or moccasin. ta'se náxaemese o'émȯxo'eha like I'm just eating moccasin sole (idiom for 'This meat is tough.'). Nahkȯhe-o'émȯxo'eha Bear Sole. Plural o'émȯxo'ėhanȯtse. See: mo'keha. Category: shoes.

-o'en   vti. pick up, harvest by hand s.t./s.o. É-o'éna. He picked it (for example, from the ground). É-o'enóho. He picked him. nȧhtamȧhe-o'enanȯtse ma'xemenȯtse. I'll pick all the plums. Hákó'e móhne'e'hé-o'enȯhenótse. She went to pick those (plums) way up at the top (of the bushes) (1987:288). Etym: *ansen- 'gather by hand'. See: -óénené(?); -o'eno'é.

-o'ená'o'tsé   vti. take down s.t. É-o'ená'ó'tse. He took it (for example, tent or tepee) down.

-ó'enán   vti. take down s.t. ?? É-ó'enána (ó'enāna ??). He took it (for example, tepee cover) off (for example, off of the tepee poles). See: -vévȯheotse; -ávanóoné.

-ó'enánonėstove   vii. Gram: impers take down camp; break camp. É-ó'enánonėstove. There is breaking of camp/there is taking down of tepee(s) (or tents).

o'ene-   i. pick, harvest. Nétȧhé-o'eneahkanémáne. Let's go pick tree gum. É-o'enemēna. He's berry picking.

-o'eneahkané   vai. pick tree gum, harvest tree gum. Nétȧhé-o'eneahkanémáne. Let's go pick tree gum. (for chewing as gum or as glue for flutes). Final -ahkané. See: ahke.

-ó'enéhenáh(n)   vta. bloodlet s.o. ?? É-ó'enéhenahno He bloodlet him. é'ȯhke-ó'enéhenáhestseo'o They bloodlet  ?? A medicine man would pierce a main vein in an arm of a sick person and blood would squirt on to the dusty ground; he would examine the blood to see if it would float or sink in to the dirt; the blood's behavior would be indicative to the medicine man. There was also another word for piercing of a vein in the temple of a sick person. See: -heseoestoh(n).

-o'enemená   vai. pick berries. É-o'enemēna. He's berry picking. Nétȧhé-o'enemenama! Let's go pick berries! Category: cook.

-o'enemenáeehe   vai. harvest berries; pick berries while moving camp. Mó'ȯhkeévėhé-o'enemenáeehéhevóhe vo'ėstaneo'o. The people used to go on berry picking camping trips. [1987:288] fai: -eehe. Category: camp, berries.

o'enemenávetohko   ni. berry picking bucket. Category: containers.

-o'enené   vai. harvest by picking. É-o'enēne. He's harvesting by picking. See: -o'eno'é; -óenené. Category: farm.

O'enenéeše'he   na. Picking Moon, August. suggested alternative to Oenenéeše'he. Category: time, months.

-o'enó ??   fni. hill, butte. Tsehvó'om-o'ēno ?? White Butte, South Dakota. See: -o'omenó. Category: places.

-o'enohe   fai. sated. Éná's-o'enohe. He's satisfied/he's full. Énomon-o'enȯhéotse. He became drowsy from eating. Éhá-o'enȯhéotse. He got really full. Éhestom-o'enohe. He's hindered from doing something (for example, work) from being full. Nȧhtanȧhahk-o'enohe. I'll be reenergized from eating. Náhehp-o'enȯhéotse. I overate. See: -mésehe; -e'haná. Category: eat.

-o'eno'é   vai. harvest; pick produce from the ground. done by people, bears, and birds. É-o'enō'e. He harvested. tsé-o'enō'ėstse the one who harvests. Áhnėhetosėstse, "Névá'ne-o'enō'e neénano'estȯtse." You should have told her, "You are just harvesting what you have planted." See: -óenené; -o'enené. Category: farm.

-o'eoestas   vta. scalp s.o. É-o'eoestȧsóho. He scalped him. É-o'eoestaxe. He was scalped. See: -ó'eoestas ‘dry s.o. quickly’; méta'xe ‘scalp’; mȧhta'so ‘scalped person’. Category: warfare, cut.

-ó'eoestas   vta. dry s.o. rapidly. for example, by flapping. É-ó'eoestȧsóho He dried him out with rapid motion. See: -o'eoestas ‘scalp s.o.’.

-o'eohtsé   vai. eliminate. Éma'xe-o'eōhtse. He had to go eliminate badly. Category: body function. See: -o'ehné.

-ó'eotse   vii. dry up, dry. É-ó'eotse. It (or he) has become dry. This can refer to a dry, rather than lubricated, vagina. See: -o'eotse; -ó'ahe; -é'komeotse. Category: vulgar.

-o'eotse   vai. eliminate. É-o'eotse. He eliminated (had a bowel movement or urinated). Étȧhé-oeotse. He rushed to the bathroom. See: -ó'eotse; -o'ehné.

-o'éotsétanó   vai. want to defecate. mósta-o'éotsétanȯhéhe He wanted to defecate (Croft 1988:6).

-ó'es   vta. slice up s.o. mósta-ó'ėsȯhéhe (néhe mo'kéhno'hamēso) She sliced up (that colt) (Stamper 1991:8). vai: -ó'ėsóvá.

ó'ėséena   na. whetstone, sharpening stone, file. See: éehaseo'o; eohótȧhohtsėstse; vé'ho'é-o'ėséena. Oblique ó'ėséenȧhēva; Diminutive ó'kėséena. Category: tools.

-ó'ėsén   vta. slit s.o. open. É-ó'ėseno He slit him open. Category: butcher.

-ó'ėsóvá   vai. cut, slice up dry meat. esp. refers to thinly slicing meat before hanging it to dry into jerky (dry meat). É-ó'ėsóva. She sliced dry meat. É-ó'ėsóvao'o. They sliced dry meat. vta: -ó'es; vti: -ó'exá. See: -ó'ėxová; -tsėhetonóvá; -tsėhetaxá. Category: meat, cut.

-ó'eše   vai. be sliced up. This form has a passive grammatical flavor. É-ó'eše It (or he) is cut (sliced). ho'évohkȯtse é-ó'eše the meat is cut (esp. for making dry meat). váótséva é-ó'eše the deer is cut for dry meat. vta: -ó'es. See: -ó'ehá.

-ó'eše   vai. lie dry. É-ó'éše. He's lying dry. Category: lie.

-ó'ėšem   vta. lay out s.o. to dry. for instance, of a canvas or quilt. É-ó'ėšeme. It/He is laid out to dry. Menȯtse éohke-ó'ėšemenėstse. Chokecherries are dried. vii: -ó'ehá; vai: -ó'ėhasené ‘drying berries’. See: vai = -ó'eše.

-ó'etanȧháohtsé   vai. dry up at the breasts. Cheyenne women who needed to increase milk production would drink a certain kind of native herbal tea. Usage: possible English loan transl.; -pónoetanȧhá'ó is probably more idiomatic É-ó'etanȧháóhtse. She has dried up breasts. Medial -tanahá; Synonym -pónoetanȧhá'ó; Antonym -háetanȧháohtsé. Category: body function.

o'eto   p. out in the country. See: onóveto.

-o'eváen   vti. pick s.t.; harvest s.t./s.o.; throw s.t. quicker action than -o'enemená. Nėhe'še móstamȧsó-o'eváenȯhenovótse. Then they started picking (the plums). (1987:288). See: -o'enemená; -o'enené; -o'en; -mone. Category: berries.

o'évao'he'e   ni. coulee, dry river bed. Category: environment. See: ó'he'e.

-o'evo'ehá   vii. bounce. for example, of a bullet bouncing off its target. É-o'evo'ēha maahe. The bullet/arrow bounced off. vai: -o'evo'eše. Category: shoot.

-o'evo'eše   vai. bounce, hop. Ést-o'evo'ėšenáhoo'o nėhéno vóhkóóhe. The rabbit hopped over there. [Croft 1988:12:22] vii: -o'evo'ehá. Category: motion.

-o'evo'óhtá   vti. take of a bite of s.t. É-o'evo'óhta. He took a bite of it. BodyPartMedial -óhtá. Category: eat.

-ó'exá   vti. slice s.t. esp. to slice meat for making dry meat. É-ó'éxa. She cut (sliced) it. vta: -ó'es. See: o'xe ‘half’; -ó'ėsóvá ‘cut dry meat’. Category: meat, cut.

-ó'ėxová   vai. saw. É-ó'ėxóva. He is sawing. See: -ó'ėsóvá; -é'ėxová. Category: cut.

o'háae- ??   pv. carefully. éta-o'háae'ameōhtse He's walking carefully. Reduplicated óo'hae-.

-ó'ha'e   m. moderate pace, medium pace. Nėstanėšev-ó'ha'eohtsémáne! Let's walk moderately fast! Nėstanonáoht-ó'ha'ėhnémáne! Let's just take a good old time walking! Category: speed.

-o'ha'e'ov   vta. miss s.o. that is, not encounter s.o. É-o'ha'e'ovóho. He missed him. See: -nȧha'e'ov.

-o'ha'e'tov   vta. miss s.o. esp. when shooting an animal. Ná-o'ha'e'tōvo. I missed him. Phon: Some speakers seem to pronounce this as -o'ha'etov. Reduplicated -oó'ha'e'tov. See: -o'ha'emax. Category: hunt, shoot.

-o'ha'emas   vta. miss s.o. in shooting. É-o'ha'emȧsóho He missed him in shooting. Reduplicated -óo'ha'emas; Antonym -nȧha'emas. Category: hunt, shoot.

-o'ha'emȧxestá   vti. miss shooting s.t. Éo'ha'-emȧxēsta. He missed it (while shooting). fta: -emȧxestá. Category: shoot.

-o'ha'en   vti. drop s.t. Ná-o'ha'ēna. I dropped it. Naa tsėhéóhe né-o'ha'enánone héne hotsévatanohtȯtse. And here we missed out on that claim. [1987:19]

vta. drop s.o. É-o'ha'enóho. He dropped him (for example, a ball). See: -šéxo'en. Category: baseball, move.

-o'ha'ohá   vti. miss s.t. Ná-o'ha'ōha. I missed it. [Croft] See: -o'hohtá'á.

-o'ha'oh(n)   vta. miss s.o. when throwing at. Ná-o'ha'ōhno. I missed him when throwing something at him. Category: throw.

-o'ha'o'xe   vai. drop load. É-o'ha'o'xe. He dropped his pack. Final -o'xe. Phon: gr; can be heard as -o'há'o'xe Category: carry.

-o'ha'o'xé'tov   vta. drop s.o. as load. É-o'ha'o'xénoto. He dropped him from carrying him as a pack. Category: carry.

-o'ha'ȯxe'ėstóné   vai. miss in writing. for ex., to forget to include a word in what was written. É-o'ha'ȯxe'ėstóne. He left out (something) in writing. See: nooht-. Category: write.

-o'ha(m)   f. horse, livestock, domesticated animal. mo'éhn-o'ha horse (elk-domesticated one). vóhp-o'ha white horse. heóv-o'ha sorrel (lit. yellow-horse). Nátoo'et-o'hāme. I tied up horses. See: hótame. Etym: *-a'0emw ‘dog’. later in Cheyenne prehistory, the meaning was extended to other domesticated animals but, especially, the horse. Category: horses, animals.

o'hamévoo'xe   ni. short whip, whip - short. Ques: inanimate ?? for example, a whip used on a riding horse; made of kinnikinnic sticks. See: vé'eoho'hamestȯtse; póeva'haseo'o. Category: harness.

o'hé-   pv. distant. É-o'ėhémėsehe. He picnicked. See: o'o'hé-.

-ó'he   fai. move ?? one of several motion finals; see discussion under -ehné. Éénȯhom-o'he. He stopped dancing. Éamóvȯht-ó'heo'o. They are hauling. See: -ohomo'he; -ehné; -ohe. Category: motion.

ó'he'e   ni. river. Naa móstȧháahpe'eotséhanéhe ó'he'e. And the river was really wide. [1987:291] Phon: iah Diminutive ó'he'ke; Plural o'hé'ėstse; Oblique o'hé'e. Category: liquid, rivers.

ó'he'ke   ni. Gram: dim 1 • creek. Plural o'hé'kėstse. Phon: iah Non-diminutive ó'he'e. Category: liquid.

2 • Creek. See: Tšėške'eó'he'e. Category: names.

ó'he'kēso   ni. Gram: dim stream. Phon: iah Non-diminutive ó'he'e. Further diminutive of ó'he'ke. See: ó'he'ke. Category: liquid.

o'hém-   i. scarce.

-o'hémahe   vai. lack. for example, lacking food. É-o'hémahe. He lacks/he doesn't have much. Category: quantity.

-o'hémeotse   vai. lack. See: -énetseotse; -etseotse. É-o'hémeotse. There isn't enough; he is lacking. Category: quantity. vti: -o'hémeotsé'tá.

-o'hémeotsé'tá   vti. run out of s.t., deplete s.t. Ná-o'hémeotsé'ta. I ran out of it.

-o'hémėsehe   vai. picnic. É-o'hémėsehe. He picnicked. Stem -mésehe; Preverb o'hé- ‘distant’. Category: eat.

-o'hémėstséá'e   vai. lack hair. É-o'hémėstséá'e He doesn't have much hair. Category: hair. Phon: vs Medial -htséá.

-o'hémó   vii. plenty. É-o'hémo. There is plenty. Category: quantity.

-o'hémoe'tó   vii. scarce (esp. of berries). Lit: lack-cling É-o'hémoe'tónėstse. They (berries) are scarce (clinging to bushes/vines). Antonym -háo'oe'tó. Category: quantity, hang.

-o'hémȯhtóvá   vai. buy skimpy, buy insufficient, buy not enough. É-o'hémȯhtóva. He bought skimpily. Category: money. vai: -ohtóvá.

-o'hémo'ohe   vai. scarce (of woody entities). É-o'hémo'ȯheo'o mo'ȯhtá'éne the turnips are scarce/there aren't many turnips. Final -ó'ohe. Category: quantity.

-o'hémonóvá   vai. hang scanty amount of dry meat. É-o'hémonóva. She has a scanty amount of dry meat hanging. fai: -onóvá. Category: meat, food.

-ó'héné   vai. have cataract(s) (of the eye). See: -ó'ó'éné; -ó'kéné. É-ó'héne He as cataract(s) (of the eye).

-ó'hoésta   vii. be a high cliff. É-ó'hoésta It's a deep/high cliff (for example, the Grand Canyon). tsé-ó'hoésta cliff (lit. that which is hanging high?) tsé-ó'hoéstaa'ėstse cliffs. See: ó'xeano. Category: size.

-o'hóhkȧše'še   vai. choke while drinking. É-o'hóhkȧše'še. He choked while drinking. Category: drink. Morph: /-o'hóhkasé'še/. See: -o'hohke ‘choke’. Final -ase'še.

-o'hohke   vai. choke. É-o'hohke. He choked (for example, while eating). See: -o'hóhkȧše'še ‘choke while drinking’. Etym: *pa'0a:kwa. Category: sickness.

-o'hóhke'haná   vai. choke on food while eating. É-o'hóhke'hāna. He choked on his food. Category: eat.

-o'hohné   vai. play baseball. É-o'hōhne. He's playing baseball. Nétȧhé-o'hohnémáne! Let's go play baseball! Synonym -no'ȯhehné. Category: phys. ed., games.

o'hohnéhóhtséme   na. baseball. the ball itself. See: hóhtséme. Category: baseball, games.

o'hohnestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom shinny, baseball (the game). Category: games.

-o'hohtá'á   vti. kick s.t. É-o'hohtá'a. He kicked it. See: -o'ha'ohá. Category: surface.

-o'hohtá'á   vti. kick s.t. O'hohtá'ȯhtse! Kick it!

-o'hohtá'ov   vta. kick s.o. É-o'hohtá'ovóho. He kicked him. O'hohtá'oveha! Kick him! (for example, a ball, animate)! Nétȧhé-o'hohtá'ovone hóhtséme! Let's go play football/soccer! (lit. refers to kicking the ball). Áhaneo'hohtá'ova! Kick him to death! (from the Vohkooheso song). See: -a'á; -a'ov; -tóo'ėsé'ov. Category: violence.

-o'hohta'xe   vai. kick. É-o'hohta'xe. He's kicking.

-o'hohtán   vti. kick s.t. É-o'hohtána. He kicked it.

vta. kick s.o. É-o'hohtánóho. He kicked him. esp. of an animal, such as a horse or cow, that kicks s.o.; -o'hohta'ov is used for kicking by a person. See: -o'hohta'ov.

-o'hohtanaveéestse   vai. devil's advocate, speak opposite opinions. É-o'hohtanaveéestse. He creates opposite opinions. See: -éestse. Category: speak.

-o'hohtánová   vai. kick. É-o'hohtánóva. He (for example, a horse) kicked. Category: horses.

-o'honáá'e   fna. rock. ma'o'honáá'e brick/red rock. Mo'ȯhtávo'honáéva Black Hills. IndepNoun ho'honáá'e.

ó'hóóma   p. on the other side. Ques: on (either) side ?? Positions inside tepee are 'near door' heséóxe, 'side' ó'hóóma, 'opposite door (position of honor)' vá'ȯhtáma. refers to positions in a tepee or room. See: heséóxe; vá'ȯhtáma; héstove. Category: tepee.

-o'kasé   fii. light, shine. for example, of a lamp. Évó'h-ó'káse. It is giving off light. var: -o'asé. Category: light.

-o'keha   fni. shoe. Plural -o'kėhanȯtse ‘shoes (noun final)’. asėsé-o'kėhanȯtse tennis shoes (stretchy-shoes). See: mo'keha.

-o'(k)ėhaná   fai. shoed, have on shoes (or moccasins). Épėhév-o'kėhāna. He has nice shoes (on). Éheóv-o'kėhanao'o. They are wearing yellow shoes. Éhe'kóov-o'kėhāna. He is wearing wet shoes. See: -mo'kėhané. Category: shoes.

-ó'kéné   vai. blind in one eye - be. É-ó'kéne. He is blind in one eye. Medial -éné. See: -ó'ó'éné; -ó'héné. Category: sickness.

-ó'kéné'ó   vai. squint with one eye. This is a chronic problem, different from -ó'keneotse which is winking. É-ó'kéné'o. He squinted with one eye. See: -ó'keneotse ‘wink’; -ó'ó'éné. Category: eyes.

-ó'keneotse   vai. wink. É-ó'keneotse. He's winking. See: -ó'kéné'ó. Category: eyes.

-ó'keneotsé'tov   vta. wink at s.o. Ná-ó'keneotsé'tova. He winked at me. BodyPartMedial -éné. Category: eyes.

Ó'kénėstse   na. One Eye. Cheyenne name of Fred Last Bull. Category: names.

ó'kėséena   na. Gram: dim sharpening stone. Non-diminutive ó'ėséena.

-o'kohné   vai. dig wild turnips, dig tubers. É-o'kōhne. He's digging wild turnips. Nétȧhé'-o'kȯhnémáne! Let's go dig wild turnips! Category: plants.

ó'kȯhóme   na. 1 • coyote. refers only to 'coyote', but sometimes translated (erroneously) as 'fox' or 'wolf'. Simplified Spelling okom; Plural ó'kȯhomeho; AlternatePlural ó'ȯhoméheo'o; Obviative ó'kȯhomeho; var: ó'ȯhóme (far less common than ó'kȯhóme). Etym: cf. Ar koo'oh(o)wúhu'. Ó'kȯhóme, néstáme! Coyote, (here's) your food! (said during the coyote play game). Ó'kȯhomeho éoseehoháohtsétseveo'o. Éohkenéhovovo ónonevonėškeho. Coyotes are really sneaky. They chase prairie dogs. [1979:205] Category: animals.

2 • Coyote. Category: names.

3 • conniver, sly person. Usage: fig. Simplified Spelling okom or okome. Category: personality.

Ó'kȯhóme Ȯhno'kaestse   na. Lone Coyote. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhóme Ȯxhóoheóó'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Stands On the Ridge. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhoméeho'ēsta   na. Coyote Fire. Category: names. See: Ho'néeho'ēsta.

Ó'kȯhoméeotse   na. Stinking Coyote, Coyote Smells. Category: names.

O'kȯhoméhá'e   na. Coyote Woman. Category: names. Contracted Kȯhóméhá'e.

ó'kȯhoméhanestȯtse   ni. Gram: nom coyote play. a traditional game, no longer played. Category: games.

ó'kȯhoméhe-   pv. as a coyote; sly; tricky. É-ó'kȯhoméhevo'ėstanéheve. He lives like a coyote; i.e. he cheats, he's tricky.

Ó'kȯhoméhemȧhtovoo'ȯtse   na. Coyote Ears. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhoméhéso   1 • little coyote, coyote pup. Naa tsé'tóhe kȧsovááhe móhnȧha'enȯhevóhe ó'kȯhoméhesono. Once this young man caught a coyote pup. [1987:300] Plural ó'kȯhoméhesono; Obviative ó'kȯhoméhesono.

2 • Little Coyote. See: O'kȯhomȯxháahketa. Category: names.

-ó'kȯhoméheve   vai. 1 • coyote - be a. Category: animals.

2 • sly; conniving. Usage: fig. É-ó'kȯhoméheve. He's sly/foxy. Category: personality.

-ó'kȯhoméheve'éxané   vai. 1 • have coyote eyes. BodyPartMedial -'éxané. Category: body, eyes.

2 • fig., cheat; be sly; tricky. É-ó'kȯhoméheve'éxáne. He is sly/he cheats. Category: personality.

-ó'kȯhóméstá   vai. coyote sound, make coyote sounds. É-ó'kȯhómésta. He's making coyote sounds. Ka'eškóneho tseohke-ó'kȯhómėstao'o. Children will make coyote sounds (a prediction of Sweet Medicine). Category: sounds. fai: -éstá.

Ó'kȯhómȯhnéé'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Standing. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhnéstooestse   na. Howling Coyote. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhno'kaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Lone Coyote. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhtamēhnėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Walking. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhtameōhtse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Walking. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhtameōhtsėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Walking, Walking Coyote, Traveling Wolf. Category: names. sometimes translated as Traveling Wolf but the correct translation is Walking Coyote.

Ó'kȯhómȯhtáxeóó'ėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Stands On Top. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhvó'komaestse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl White Coyote. origin of family name White Wolf. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯhvotonevėstse   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Coyote Tail Feathers. Category: names.

Ó'kȯhómȯxháahketa   vai. Gram: cj Gram: ppl Little Coyote. Origin of family name Littlewolf, which was a mistranslation. Simplified Spelling O'komȯxhaahketa. See: Ho'néoxháahketa. Category: names.